Updating the Tata Nano marketing plan

The Tata Nano was launched in India in 2009 under the marketing theme of 'world's cheapest car' with a target market of people (particularly families) who had never owned a car. Its positioning was supported by basic auto features and a low, low base price. Tata's CEO told the Guardian, 'Here in India we see four people travelling by motorbike ... I thought they could travel more safely by car'. Tata was so overwhelmed by orders that it instituted a lottery to select the first buyers.

Now the Nano's marketing plan is being revamped - again - after lower-than-expected sales and reports that the car failed to meet minimum UN auto safety standards. Apparently, many consumers don't want to drive a car with such a low-price image.

The Nano wasn't the only tiny car to fail crash tests, by the way. The other four made-for-India cars that rated zero on a safety scale of 1 to 5 were: Maruti Suzuki Alto 800, Hyundai i10, Ford Figo and Volkswagen Polo. Without air bags, these no-frills autos couldn't pass the crash tests, even though they all meet India's safety guidelines.

Scientist Raghunath Mashelkar, who is on Tata's board of directors, blames poor marketing for the Nano's poor results (and Tata's former CEO agrees). Mashelkar says: 'The Nano is such a great product, it has 86 patents. So, excellence should have been put at the front, and affordability at the back'. In other words, the Nano should have been positioned on the basis of innovation rather than low price.

For the new marketing plan, Tata is positioning its Nano Twist as a car with style and excellent fuel efficiency. The marketing reflects a target market of young couples and features fashion colours and extras such as power steering. Low price is not the primary message. Will the new marketing plan reignite Nano's sales in 2014?

Tata's Nano gains from petrol dereg

Tata's tiny Nano, the world's cheapest car, was planned as basic transportation with high fuel efficiency (as discussed on p. 122 of the new edition of Essential Guide to Marketing Planning).

Now the Nano looks likely to become even more popular as India deregulates the fuel market and drivers feel the effects in the form of higher petrol prices.

Some observers see Tata gaining more broadly in India because it also markets several diesel cars, and diesel fuel is cheaper than petrol at this point (but possibly not in the future).

Tata's sales are already strong, and with the dereg, the marketing environment is more favourable than ever. In fact, Tata has just decided to go into the financial markets to raise more cash for expansion (having cut debt over the last year).

Meanwhile, Tata has been promoting its Nano with a cross-India drive that attracted media attention and showed the car's capabilities. The Nano appeals to buyers trading up from motorcycles as well as first-time vehicle buyers who might otherwise not be able to afford any type of motorised vehicle.